Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most resource-intensive manufacturing sectors, requiring strict quality control while simultaneously facing rising expectations for environmental sustainability. As global regulations and environmental standards evolve, the integration of a Green Quality System (GQS) has become a significant strategy to unify traditional Quality Management Systems (QMS) with eco-friendly manufacturing principles. This review highlights the importance of sustainable pharmaceutical manufacturing, including green chemistry, waste minimization, eco-efficient technology, and life cycle assessment (LCA). The paper explores the role of Quality by Design (QbD), Process Analytical Technology (PAT), and digital transformation in achieving sustainability goals. Challenges and future prospects are also discussed to support the adoption of green, compliant, and economically viable pharmaceutical systems.

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 Keywords

Green Quality System, Sustainable Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry, QbD, PAT, Green Chemistry, Life Cycle Assessment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant shift in India's higher education landscape, particularly influencing Commerce and Management education. This study examines the policy's transformative initiatives aimed at fostering multidisciplinary learning, skill development, and industry relevance. NEP 2020 introduces major structural reforms, including the four-year undergraduate programme (FYUGP), Academic Bank of Credits, multiple entry-exit options, and a stronger emphasis on experiential learning through internships and vocational training. For Commerce and Management disciplines, the policy opens new avenues for integrating financial literacy, entrepreneurship, digital skills, business analytics, and global trade practices into the curriculum. While these reforms create opportunities for enhancing employability and aligning education with evolving market demands, they also present challenges related to institutional readiness, faculty training, and resource constraints. This article evaluates both the opportunities and the implementation barriers to provide a balanced understanding of the policy's impact on developing future-ready business graduates in India.

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 Keywords

NEP 2020, Commerce Education, Management Education, Higher Education Reform, Employability, Entrepreneurship Education.

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Abstract This paper examines Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's comprehensive approach to national integration through the lens of democratic principles, fraternal bonds, and social cohesion. Ambedkar's vision transcended mere political democracy to encompass a holistic framework of social democracy rooted in liberty, equality, and fraternity. His constitutional philosophy and social reform agenda provide enduring insights into building an integrated nation that accommodates diversity while maintaining unity. This study analyzes Ambedkar's theoretical contributions to democratic governance, his emphasis on fraternity as a binding force, and his strategies for achieving social cohesion in a heterogeneous society. The paper argues that Ambedkar's multidimensional approach to national integration remains remarkably relevant for contemporary democratic societies grappling with social fragmentation and communal tensions.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Ambedkar, democracy, fraternity, social cohesion, national integration, constitutional democracy, social democracy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Software quality has become a critical concern in the global software industry, as poor quality leads to project delays, financial loss, and, in extreme cases, business failure. This review highlights the persistent challenges small and medium-sized software organizations face in software quality assurance (SQA) and testing. It categorizes the major obstacles, identifies responsible stakeholders, and examines why quality issues continue despite advancements in testing tools and practices. The study emphasizes the need for early defect detection, streamlined testing processes, effective communication, and improved requirement engineering to ensure reliable and high-quality software products.

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 Keywords

Software Quality Assurance, Software Testing, Defects, Stakeholders, Requirements, Challenges.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mising tribe is like one among several ethnic tribes inhabiting Assam under the spectrum of Tani group of people belonging to the Tibeto-Burman language speaking group of the greater Mongoloid race. Mising tribe is rich in folk literature and has abundance of folk tales and these folk tales are null and void without the mentioning of nature. It is found that nature plays very important role in the day-to-day life of the Mising people. The Misings people are directly associated with the elements of nature and their social life would be null and void without the mention of the nature be it traditional life, cultural life or religious life which have a genealogical association which has been transmitted from generation to other orally. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to study the role played by nature and how the natural elements are associated in shaping the life of the Mising people. Many works have been written down as a record keeping in the form of books and documents by the people of the community and others mentioning natural elements but no any specific research has been carried out so far in this specific topic on how natural elements play an important role in shaping the social life of the Misings people and to what extend those elements are associated with the life of the Misings people. This research would fill the gap and provide new information on the role and how the natural elements directly or indirectly have an impact on the social life of the Mising people.

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 Keywords

Folk Literature, folk tales, shaping social life, natural elements.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study examines the perceptions of employees working in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) toward the importance of social media in enhancing business performance. With growing digitalisation and competitive market pressure, social media has emerged as a crucial tool for marketing, communication, customer engagement, and business expansion. The study is relevant as many MSMEs still face challenges in effectively adopting digital platforms due to limited resources, skills, and awareness. A quantitative survey method was used, involving 120 employees from various MSMEs across service, manufacturing, retail, and creative sectors. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were applied to analyse opinions and examine associations between demographic variables and social media adoption perceptions. Findings indicate that the majority of employees strongly believe social media significantly boosts business visibility, customer reach, brand engagement, and sales conversions. Results emphasise the need for social-media-oriented training, digital literacy enhancement, and strategic adoption practices within MSMEs.

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MSMEs, Social-Media, Digital Marketing, Business Growth, Social Media Adoption

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The fashion industry is something that has always been perceived for its extensive use of lightweight materials, fused with everyday cultural texts, coded specifically with the intent of shaping a systematic portrayal. This research paper aims to solidify the growing position of fashion media with the help of an inherent framework from the 1967 work of Roland Barthes, 'The Fashion System', which highlights that clothes or fabric are symbolic signs that have always been intended to influence aspirations from existing culture, different values, and ideology. With this in mind, we can paint a picture from any runway fashion collection that aims to convey narratives structured in human codes without requiring any explanation. To cut a lifeless fabric of desired texture or fabric and mould it into a signifier that is beyond the monotonous fashion critics and magazines to acquire a higher layer of transcendental meaning beyond their initial sources. By expanding Ronald Barthes' ideology and Mikhail Bakhtin's ideology of dialogism to amplify the rising voices in the fashion world. Just as literary work is never an independent entity but always surrounded by contemporary works of literature, the fashion world also interlinks the dialogue within the language and the image it paints, the body and the garments that surround it, basically shaking the idea of an independent identity and the collective coexistence myth. The runway shows have been a gesture of traditional nobility, alongside the prevailing political mood, and the rising fantasies in culture, which, as a result, produce meaning and paint pictures through the interplay of everyday references.

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 Keywords

Fashion world, Dialogism, Semiotics, Barthes, Bakhtin, Friedman

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The paper intended at the socio-economic empowerment of women workers engaged in leather manufacturing industry of Ranipet in Tamil Nadu, India. The study is concerned with three crucial elements related to workplace environment, societal environment and government/institutional support, and examines the extent to which these dimensions influence on female labor force empowerment. Survey The structured questionnaires were administered to 111 women using a descriptive and analytical research design and were translated to Tamil to aid in clear understanding. The sample consists of a workforce with low levels of education, financial precariousness and reclaiming working conditions. The workplace-related factors, institutional support and socio-cultural environment have statistically momentous effects on socio-economic empowerment, mutually explaining 33.7 percent of variance. The importance of addressing self-sustained social and cultural constraints, as well as inefficient environmental, organizational and institutional structures, in promoting empowerment is emphasized. Government interventions to improve working conditions, social support and changes in culture are essential. Through its exploration in conjunction with world sustainable development goals and existing literature, this study shares key findings and applies them to strategies around empowering women in manufacturing that matter to policymakers, industry representatives and community activists concerned with inclusive growth and gender equity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

women empowerment, leather industry, socio-economic determinants, working conditions, support from institutions, socio-cultural ownership.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keyword: Hand gesture recognition, Flex sensor, Arduino Nano, Sign language translation, Assistive communication, Gesture-to-speech conversion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Digital twin technology has emerged as a powerful method for representing real world systems through accurate digital replicas. In urban environments, digital twins allow engineers, city planners, and researchers to simulate, analyse, and optimize critical components such as transportation networks, energy systems, water supply, waste management, public safety, and environmental conditions. This paper presents a detailed and student-friendly study on the concept of digital twin urban infrastructure, focusing on its architecture, workflow, applications, benefits, and challenges. The research also examines existing literature and academic implementations to identify the essential components required to build a small-scale digital twin model. The findings show that a successful digital twin depends on reliable data, modular system design, consistent validation, and meaningful visualization. The paper concludes by providing a simplified development framework suitable for academic projects and practical urban innovation use cases.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Twin, Urban Infrastructure, Smart Cities, Data Integration, System Modelling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition