Volume 8 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

The present investigation was carried out on the time series data from 1996-2016 (21 years including 2016). The secondary data were collected from Directorate of Agriculture, 2018, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. The Regression analysis and Autoregressive Models were fitted. However, based on Adjusted-R square ((R^2 ) ?), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Theil�s U statistic and F-chow statistic test the Quadratic model in regression analysis was found best fit for the estimation of production of garden pea. Whereas, on the basis of Akaike�s Information Criterion (AIC), RMSE, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) and Ljung-Box coefficient were selected ARIMA (2, 2, 0) as the best fit model for estimation of garden pea.

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Time Series, Regression Analysis, Autoregressive Models, Adjusted-R Square ((R^2 ) ?), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Theil�s U Statistic, F-Chow Statistic, Quadratic Model, Garden Pea (Pisum Sativum).

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Abstract: ?r?madbhagabadg?t? has been hailed as one of the greatest religious discourses of the Bh?sma period of Mah?bh?rata. The exhortations of the G?t? have a direct impact on people�s lives, specially where modern society is in danger. At this situation the valuable words of the G?t? help them to get right direction. The splendor of the world always brings excessive addiction to human life. According to the ?r?madbhagabadg?t?, this addiction is at the root of all destruction. The G?t? has always said to give up addiction. But it is not so easy. Sensory restraint is very important in this case. self-restraint, or sensory restraint is beautifully described in ?r?madbhagabadg?t?. How the Gita has depicted about sense restraint and its impac on human life has been described in my research paper.

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: ?r?madbhagabadg?t?, sensory restraint, G?t? on human life, k?man?, ?tma-sanyama.

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??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????????? ?????? |??????? ???? ?? ??????,?????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ,??? ????? ???????,?????????????? ,????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? |???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????-???, ????? ,??? ,??? ,???? ,??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? | ????? ???? : ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ,???? ????????? |

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The present study is upon material folk culture of Solan District, Himachal Pradesh. The study is entirely based on primary data through random sampling technique. The paper revolves around the folk food, folk dress and ornaments, folk medicines, folk art, folk musical instruments, agricultural tools and utensils included in the traditions of a culture, sub-culture, or group. Cultural study encourages the researcher towards the conservation of traditional culture that is still exist but slowly started extinct. The findings based upon the available data shows that the people are still following their culture when the technology and communication systems are changing rapidly in this area.

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Material culture, Cultural region, Material Folk Culture.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the baseline levels of self-efficacy among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and find out its relation to socio-personal and clinical variables. The setting of the study was Rheumatology clinic of New Medical College Hospital; Kozhikode. A cross sectional survey design was used for the study. The sample consisted of 54 patients with rheumatoid Arthritis recruited by convenient sampling. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect socio-personal and clinical data. Self -efficacy level was assessed by Assessment of Self- efficacy scale (ASES). SPSS 16 was used for data analysis. The association of self-efficacy with other variables was analysed using Chi- Square test. The mean age of the participants was 49.13 (� 10.69). The mean self- efficacy score was 91.26 (� 40.60). The scores obtained in various subscales suggest that patients with rheumatoid arthritis have moderate levels of self-efficacy and self-efficacy has no association with socio-personal and clinical variables

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Perceived Self-efficacy, Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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Background and Aim: Perfusion index (PI) is a relatively new parameter estimating the pulsatility of blood in the extremities, calculated using infrared spectrum as part of plethysmography waveform processing. Hypotension during propofol induction is a common problem. The aim of this study was to detect whether a baseline PI >3.5 predicts the development of hypotension after propofol induction. Methods: sixty patients of (ASA) physical status I-II of both sexes, aged between 18 to 60 years, equally divided in to two groups, Group A (PI<3.5,n=30) and Group B (PI>3.5, n=30), undergoing elective surgical procedures were enrolled in this observational study. PI, heart rate, blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation were recorded every minute from baseline to 10 min following induction of anaesthesia with propofol, and after endotracheal intubation. Hypotension was defined as fall in systolic BP (SBP) by >30% of baseline or mean arterial pressure (MAP) to <60 mm Hg. Results: Within first 10 min after induction, the incidence and severity of hypotension was higher in patients in group B whose baseline PI values were greater than 3.5. The mean heart rate, mean systolic blood pressure and mean diastolic blood pressure was found to be lower in patients of Group B after the intubation while patients of Group A did not show much variation with p value of < 0.05. Conclusion: Perfusion Index (PI) can be used as a tool for predicting hypotension in healthy patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. Patients with baseline PI >3.5 (Group II) are at higher risk of developing hypotension compared to those with baseline PI ?3.5 (Group I).

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Perfusion index, Blood pressure, general anaesthesia, propofol.

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Cyanobacteria are the largest group of photosynthetic prokaryotes, capable of fixing both atmospheric carbon and nitrogen. They are unique in their widespread occurrence abundance and morphological diversity, similar to gram negative bacteria in their cell structure and biochemistry. Only few studies are available on marine cyanobacteria from mangrove habitats. The present study was therefore, made to analyze the marine cyanobacterial population in mangrove rhizosphere soil. The marine cyanobacterium Phormidium species ARKK2 was isolated from sediments of Vellar mangrove forest situated in south east coast of India. Five spices belonging to family Oscillatoriaceae and Chroococcaceae were identified based on the size and shape and they were Phormidium sp., Oscillatoria willei, Phormidium fragile, Synechococcus elongatus and Gloeocapsa sp., Of the five species, Phormidium sp., were analyzed for 16S rDNA, and their phylogeny.

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Mangroves, Cyanobacteria, Phormidium sp., 16SrDNA.

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In addition to the serious physical and medical effects on individuals, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have a short and long term psycho- social consequences. It has induced many psychiatric individual and collective problems such as stress, PTSD, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, psychosis, OCD, bipolar disorder, insomnia, fear, suicidal thoughts etc. There was a significant increase of psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness and worsening of quality of sleep in the general population. Understanding them helps clinicians to evaluate the issue when called upon also to manage stress faced by frontline medical staff. The study showed that level of depression, anxiety, stress differ in accordance with gender, age, education and professional status across the globe. For successful fighting with present and future pandemics we have to learn more about psychiatric and psychological aspects of COVID-19 from the perspective of public and global mental health. Our article aims to present a review on all the possible impacts of COVID 19 on mental health.

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Anxiety, Covid 19, Depression, Insomnia, Pandemic, Stress

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to the COVID-19 pandemic, which has become a global burden on health (mental and physical), economy, health care facilities and humanity. It created a dilemma in the minds of the policy makers, clinicians because of its multiple modes of transmission and rapidly changing clinical presentations. Pre-procedural rinse should be an integral part of infection control, as a significant number of aerosol generating procedures are performed in the dental operatory. Therefore, CDC recommended additional modes of prevention, including the use of pre-procedural rinse and adequate PPE to minimise the risk of transmission of COVID-19 disease in dental office as a considerable number of COVID-19 positive patients do remain asymptomatic. Pre-procedural mouth-rinse could a cost-effective strategy in minimising the risk of disease transmission in dental office .

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus(SARS-CoV-2), Povidone Iodine, Aerosol, Dental procedures, Transmission, Pre-procedural mouth rinse

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Manda Puja is an age-old annual festival which is celebrated with great devotion in and around 100 km of Ranchi city in Jharkhand, India. It is celebrated in the honor of Lord Shiva And Goddess Parvati every year during the month of April-May. This Puja is considered as one of the most important tribal festival in Jharkhand as large number of devotees belong to Oraon and Munda tribe along with members of Mahto, Lohad and other non-tribal communities. This is a festival which lasts for 7-9 days in which devotees fasts strictly. Both male and female devotees of Lord Shiva participate in this festival fervently. Male devotees are called as �Bhoktas� and female devotees are called as �Sahayikas�. Basically female devotees show their support to Bhoktas by doing the ritual of �Lota Sevan� in which they carry lota (brass pot) full of water over their head for long duration in the name of a particular Bhokta, who could be brother, husband or potential partner of that female devotee.Along with this ritual, several rituals are followed by devotees which include �Betjori�, �Dhuwasi�,� �Charka Daag Machan� �Barmangi�, and �Phulkunda�. All these rituals of Manda Puja involve extremely strenuous ordeals which devotees perform to express their devotion to Shiva. Like in Betjori ritual Bhoktas roll on muddy ground bared body with stick, in Dhuwasi ritual bhoktas are hung upside down on a bamboo set-up under which fire is lit. In Charka Daag Machan ritual, Bhoktas body are hooked with iron-hooks, and then they are suspended by these hooks from approx. 60-feet high bamboo poles. In Phulkunda ritual true devotees are supposed to walk bare-footed on the bed of coal embers. All these rituals are followed with a strong belief that Shiva is there to look after them hence true and pure devotees won�t get injured. Undoubtedly, this amalgamation of rituals and strong belief in divinity highly enriches the overall diverse culture of Jharkhand and also provides platform for the members of various communities to come together and witness this unique festival which is an absolute test of one�s devotion.

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 Keywords

Manda Puja, Sacred, Amalgamation, Rituals, Beliefs

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