Volume 11 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

The present study was investigates fungal infection effects on the gills of the freshwater fish, Channa striatus. The following prolonged exposures of polluted water and native fishes stress. The gills of Channa striatus face the direct contact stress of decomposed materials. The blood capillaries (BLCs) of the secondary lamellae (SL) of gills showed extensive congestion followed by wear and tear. The ladder like arrangement of blood capillaries and pillar cells (BLCs-PLCs) gets dismantled and haemorrhages regularly take place in the gills. The staining property and density of the mucous cells (MCs) showed extensive periodic alterations. The fungi causes hyperplasia followed by their degeneration frequently noticed. The gills continued to show hyperplasia. The density and staining properties of the MCs continued. Present study was aimed to assess the histochemical analysis of mucosubstances was carried out in the epithelial cells and mucous cells in the gills of control fish and infected fishes exposed to fungal concentration on the basis of histochemical staining reactivities. The histochemical staining reactivities revealed fluctuations in mucosubstances in epithelial cells while neutral mucosubstances, was increased in mucous cells in gills of fishes. From these observations it is concluded that the fungal infection and impurities of the water toxic to fish and brings significant physiological alterations.

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 Keywords

Channa striatus, Mucosubstances, Histochemical staining

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 Abstract

In any era, important symbols of society include social organization, food, place of residence, arts, skills, knowledge, and science, women's place in society, and means of entertainment. These castes merged Indian culture and civilization after permanently settling here. However, Turks arrived in India in the 10th century, and after that, Hindu culture and Muslim culture separated Indian society. We will conduct an in-depth analysis of Indian society between the 16th and 17th centuries in the presented article. Religion was used to categorize Indian society; approximately 75% of the population was Hindu, and 25% was Muslim1. Villages in Mughal society were much smaller than they are today. The society was divided by caste in addition to religion. Brahmins occupied the highest position among Hindus. With the exception of the four primary varnas, the society was divided into numerous lower and upper castes. After the Brahmins, there was a place where Banias used to shop, conduct business, and so on. After this, there were more castes, including potters, blacksmiths, chamars, and so on. The Parsi texts of the time tell us the following about the society: Brahmins were at the top of the social hierarchy; they lived in temples and had marriages and other religious rituals performed there. Each caste had its own set of rules and regulations that had to be followed by everyone in the caste and had its own caste panchayat, where disagreements between castes were resolved. Numerous sources provide us with data regarding the rural population's residence. Many European tourists claimed that the common people lived in huts. Additionally, the careful people, according to Pelsart, lived in houses with earthen roofs and no windows or chimneys. The majority of people lived in huts, the floors of which were plastered with a mixture of cow dung, so they didn't have to make the houses crazy. The Rajputs and Banias lived in large, well-ventilated, and window-equipped homes made of burned bricks. Caste and religion were the foundations of society in the 16th and 17th centuries. Horse racing games like chariot and bullock races, wrestling, and others games were also available.

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 Keywords

Organization, Castes, Mughal , Brahmins, Hindu, Culture, Disagreements

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Blibli is one of the e-commerce companies in Indonesia which was founded in 2011 and is growing rapidly. Even though Blibli is quite popular, there is still competition from competitors such as Shopee, Tokopedia and others. This study aims to find factors that influence Repurchase Intention through Customer Satisfaction of Blibli customers, especially in Medan. This research is useful for the E-commerce industry, especially for making a consumer satisfied with a service provided so that the e-commerce business can survive in the market in the long term. This research is causal with a quantitative method using Amos 22.0 software to help process primary data from 100 Blibli customers in Medan which were collected using the Snowball Sampling technique. In this study it was found that the intention to repurchase a product can occur when the customer is satisfied which is most influenced in the greatest order by Quality, Popularity, Innovation and Perceived Value. Customers have a good perception of Quality and Popularity where these variables have a significant influence such as the quality of the Blibli website which is attractive and easy to understand and the famous Brand Ambassador who becomes the Blibli Icon makes Blibli's name increasingly known by the public. The Innovation and Perceived Value variables are insignificant but still positive, so Blibli needs to maintain what they have done in this variable.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Financial literacy and its application these days is higher than ever before, in all the nations, as several new financial products have been made available in the market hence it has become difficult for common people to analyze the risks and returns involved with these products without having enough knowledge. When it comes to women even the general literacy rate of women is not much, although it will soon be at par with men considering the improvement in number of women participants in the working front. But financial literacy is still a big challenge faced by women especially in a country like in India where financial management and decision making come under men's responsibilities. For dreamed women empowerment in India its important for the women to financially empowered which can only be attained by financial literacy. This study attempts to find out level of financial literacy amongst working women of India and also their preferred instruments for investment, for which not much research is done at pan India level.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

financial literacy, financial decision, women empowerment, working women

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Domestic violence, working women, Urban and Rural areas.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Industrial engineering is the discipline of engineering that, due to its interdisciplinary character, has been instrumental in the creation and improvement of a wide variety of systems on both the macro and micro scales. The evolution of bottleneck analysis has recently shifted towards employing cutting-edge ideas and technology inspired by the Industry 4.0 movement. Nevertheless, research into the connections between bottleneck analysis and Industry 4.0 remains scant. This research addresses a knowledge gap by reviewing the literature from the most prominent scientific databases to learn how Industry 4.0 has influenced the evolution of bottleneck analysis in the manufacturing and production sectors. Quantitative and qualitative information was culled using bibliometric analysis and content evaluation. Studying the design principles and technologies of Industry 4.0 through the lens of bottleneck analysis reveals gaps in the literature, provides issues for further research, and proposes a number of potential development streams. With the help of Industry 4.0, industrial companies may adopt complex systems in a streamlined, well-thought-out manner. This article will explain the rationale behind Sector 4.0 and the measures required to implement it in the steel industry.

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Industrial engineering, Industry 4.0, Steal industries.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT- Education is the most important source of independent life. The present study has worked on the importance of its availability. The lack of service centers available in the research area develops a socio-economically vulnerable condition to sustain. The objective of the study is to examine the status of service availability in eight districts of the Jabalpur division. The current research work has studied the five parameters of education services. The data has been collected from secondary sources. The current research work has applied the ranking method to know the rankings of services available in each district. It has used a descriptive approach in the study. The result shows that there is a high unavailability of services in the districts. The research work concluded that it is extremely important to give more focus to the low and least-developed districts. It is time to enhance the services in rural areas. Increasing the number of services is needed in the research area. Some major steps have to be taken for socio-economic development. People have to be aware of the importance of services.

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education service centers, jabalpur division, status of services availability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A culture of Odisha has been throught nourished and nurtured by the tribal tradition from ancient times. The cult and culture of Lord Jagannath which forms the core of the Odisha Civilization. Which stands out for its uniqueness in the whole World had its humble origin in a Tribal Society . The social and religious life for Western Odisha has been cosiderable shaped and influence by tribal tradition. The life style of the tribals is also colorful and music and done from a part of their day-to-day life style. They live to sing and to live . There culture encompasses the collection and divorce custom and tradition of art, life style and religious that have been practiced and maintained by the numerous tribals groups of Western Odisha since pre-history. As many as sixty-two tribals group of which about thirteen are identified as primitive. These tribals population are concentred in many parts of Western Odisha i,e the un-divide district of Kalahandi, Sundergarh, Sambalpur, Bolangir,and Boudh. God fearing people worship numbers of God and Goddess and observe many festivals and rituals i,e chait Parab, Sola Puja and Karamsani etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Aboriginal, Dialect, Rituals Sacrifice, Tribe

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Femoral artery, the artery of femoral region enters the femoral triangle behind the inguinal ligament at mid inguinal point. It gives out six branches in femoral triangle of which three superficial branches are superficial epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery along with superficial external pudendal artery and the three deep branches are deep external pudendal artery, muscular branches along with profunda femoris artery. During routine dissection of femoral triangle, it was observed that the profunda femoris artery was arising high up from femoral artery almost at the level of mid inguinal point. The femoral sheath that encloses femoral artery and vein was very short and some of the branches which were supposed to emerge from femoral artery were seen emerging from profunda femoris artery. This was seen unilaterally in the left lower limb. Procedures like arteriography, vascular reconstruction of proximal leg necessitates precise anatomy of profunda femoris artery along with the femoral artery. The knowledge of site of profunda femoris artery origin is important as it helps in avoiding iatrogenic femoral arterio-venous fistula while performing femoral artery puncture, and enables to identify the correct site of making incision for surgical exposure. The direction of the origin of profunda femoris artery is important in catheter application, making flaps with pedicles, reconstruction surgeries and bypass procedures made to supply the lower extremities.

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 Keywords

Femoral artery, Profunda femoris artery (PFA), variation, branching pattern

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition