Volume 11 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

In AI and Information Science, we frequently run over a term called Imbalanced Information Conveyance, Disorganized or random chunks of scattered data, which is the usual occurrence when perceptions in one of the classes are higher than different classes or the other way around. In real applications, Data sets with imbalanced class distributions are quite frequent. For example, in credit card fraud detection, legal transactions outnumber the fraud transactions or during an automated inspection of the products in a coffee-mug industry would evaluate that the defective products are significantly less compared to the non-defective ones. This distribution when compared to the classifier tends to have a biased image for the majority class. The reason that this idea might be occurring is due to the fact, while performing the engineers are more concerned to have accuracy for the result and not on the performing stage, that is, they are accuracy driven. Considering the same case of fraud detection for credit card users, the accuracy for no fraudulent detection might achieve the 97% benchmark but despite this achievement in such cases, the rare class has much greater importance than the majority class. There are primarily two methodologies that are utilized for dealing with imbalanced class appropriation, one is SMOTE and the other is Near Miss Algorithm. There are more ways of drawing closer imbalanced datasets, for example, Cost-sensitive learning or Anomaly detection and so on. As AI calculations will generally increment exactness by minimizing the error, they are not efficient for varied class distributions.

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 Keywords

Detection, Imbalaced data, SMOTE, Sampling, Anamoly Detection, Near Miss

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 Abstract

Concrete is a widely used construction material all over the world due to its high strength properties and relatively low cost. With a variety of advanced features, self-compacting concrete has been used for a variety of constructions and infrastructures as a new smart building material. However, the formation of cracks in concrete is inevitable. For this reason, fiber reinforced bacterial concrete is used to avoid cracks. The fibers reduce the crack width by the action of bridging and bacteria can develop a filling material in that bridging portion. Thus, a composite material is formed which can heal the cracks, thus improving the strength and durability of concrete. In this paper, coupled effect of bacillus subtilis bacteria and steel fibers on self-compacting mortars was examined. The replacement of cement in self-compacting mortars with supplementary cementitious materials, such as fly ash, GGBS, silica fume results in reducing the heat of hydration, decreasing efflorescence and producing cost-effective and eco-friendly concrete. The coupled effect of bacteria and fiber resulted in better mechanical properties, durability properties and improved self-healing/repairing efficiency due to the formation of CaCO3. The results also confirmed the presence of calcium carbonate precipitate, which has been analyzed by micro-structural studies viz., SEM and EDS.

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 Keywords

Self-compacting concrete, Bacteria, Fibers, Fly ash, GGBS, Silica fume, Strength, Durability, SEM, EDS

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Language is a complex interconnection of identities, beliefs and social and cultural behaviour of individuals. India being a multicultural and multilingual country presents a potpourri of hundreds of languages and regional dialects that unfortunately do not possess great stature on the linguistic map of India. Indigenous languages faced more terrible fate during British colonization and colonial standardization. The same phenomenon was seen among the Indian migrants sent as indentured labourers to Mauritius. This paper investigates the role of language use in the postcolonial context of Mauritius in the modern context of standardization of language. It also focuses on the role of native language planning in the multilingual communities in Mauritius.

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 Keywords

Language, multiculturalism, postcolonial, identity, migration, indenture

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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An aortic aneurysm is excessive localized swelling of the wall of an artery which means balloon-like-bulge in the aorta that can dissect or rupture. Aorta is the largest artery that carries oxygen rich blood away from heart to blood vessels, reaching the rest of the body. This is more common in men than women, with prevalence rates estimated at 1.3-8.9% in men and 1.0-2- 2% in women. This will be extremely rare in babies, very rarely between age 3-18, in young adults between 19-40 ages rarely affected, adults above 41-60 ages commonly affected, above 60 are quite common. In India 10 million people are affected by aortic aneurysm. According to 2019 statistics aortic aneurysm was the cause of 9,904 deaths. About 59% of deaths due to aortic aneurysm happen among men. Aortic aneurysm treated in two ways by medications and surgery. Medicines can reduce risk by lowering blood pressure. Surgery for repair or to replace the affected section of aorta. The challenges after taking medicines like cocaine and methamphetamine have deleterious effects on cerebrovascular, leading to increased risk for aneurysm formation and rupture. The complications of surgery are bleeding during or after surgery, hemorrhage, acute renal failure, ischemic colitis, aorta-canal and aorta-enteric fiesta. For avoiding such risk factors, having nutraceuticals can reduce the risk of challenges. Nutraceuticals contain nutrition required for health and pharmaceuticals remedy for sickness/injury. It includes nutraceuticals like vitamin rich components (vit K, B6, B12, C, D), flavonoids, n-fatty acids, soya products, nuts.

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 Keywords

Aortic aneurysm, Nutraceuticals, Dietary supplements, therapeutic outcomes, Vitamins, n-fatty acids.

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Diaspora has gained popularity in post-modern period because of its diverse nature. If we talk about the meaning of Diaspora we find it is all about scattered identity. The novelist, Kiran Desai has talked about the feeling of Diaspora in the novel The Inheritance of Loss. This novel is very interesting because it covers basic human instincts. The character of judge appeals to readers because he is a person of mixed sensibilities. In this novel we find that loneliness is a kind of space that is created through personal experiences of life. Kiran Desai is a great writer of Diaspora and it seems that there are certain parallels in the writings of Kiran Desai and Anita Desai. Like her mother Anita Desai, the novelist Kiran Desai also uses simple language to express her feeling properly. She has highlighted the plight of Gorkhas in the present novel. The members of GNLF are demanding a separate land for them because they feel insecure in India. One of the central characters of this novel Sai witnesses the violent protest of Gorkhas in a rally. She is a lovely girl who has lost her parents in a car accident.

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 Keywords

Diaspora, Loneliness, Sensibility, Language, Experience

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In India, Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is one of the most popular pulses, being an important source of protein in a mostly vegetarian diet. It is the primary taken with rice or roti. In regions where it grows, fresh young pods are eaten raw or as a vegetable in dishes such as sambar. In present research paper it is found that, when seeds are treated (Seed dressing) with Rhizobium bio fertilizer before sowing increases pod yield by 20 to 25 percent. (Shafie and Shikha 2003)

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Pigeon Pea, Rhizobium, Seed dressing

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The paper emphasizes to study the religious life of the Nocte tribe. An effort is made to examine the various problems, decisions and developments with the application of empirical study and method. The study is on historical analysis. A valuable data is gathered through field studies and interaction with the people of the community. Secondary sources are also referred to further authenticate the research work. The Noctes are one of the ethnic groups of Tirap District of Arunachal Pradesh, inhabited in the eastern most part of India. They are the worshipper of animism. The institution of indigenous belief system of the tribe is not organized as such like a permanent place for worship, idol of god so on so forth. They personified all the natural forces as god or spirits. They believed in the existence of both malevolent and benevolent spirits. Rituals are an integral part of their belief system. The priest acted as an intermediate between the gods and the people. They appease these spirits through performing rituals as recommended by the village priest.

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 Keywords

: Ethnic, Animism, Idol, Malevolent, Benevolent, Priest, Ritual

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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KEYWORDS- Garbhsanskar, Garbhini Paricharya, Foetus, Pregnancy,Masanumasik Chikitsa

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The present review article's main goal is to enlighten readers about Vildagliptin, a new oral anti-hyperglycemic drug that inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4) and increases the release of insulin from Langerhans beta cells, lowering blood sugar levels. Vildagliptin is a medication with a short half-life (1.32-2.43 hours), making it a good candidate for the manufacture of sustained release tablets to extend the therapeutic effect. By applying the direct compression method and varying the ratios of polymers and excipients, sustained release tablets will be created. The mass, tapped, angle of repose, Carr's index, and Hausner's ratios of the powder will assess. The hardness, thickness, friability, weight fluctuation, drug content, and in vitro release of the produced tablets will assess. Utilizing 0.1N HCL as the dissolution medium, a dissolution research should be conducted using a USP type-II dissolution apparatus. The formulation's drug release methods include zero order, first order, the Higuchi model, and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model.

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 Keywords

Vildagliptin, Sustained Release Tablet, Direct Compression, Dissolution Study, Kinetics Study

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The present study was conducted to explore the relationship between Occupational Stress and Job Satisfaction among college level physical education professionals of Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh. Samples of 160 physical education professionals were selected. To measure occupational stress, scale developed by Dr. A.K. Srivastava and Dr. A.P. Singh was used and to measure job satisfaction, scale developed by Dr. Amar Singh and Dr. T.R.Sharma was used. The result of the study showed that a significant correlation between occupational stress and job satisfaction among college level physical education professionals of Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh. On the basis of the result of the study, it can be concluded that there is negative and strong relationship between the occupational stress and job satisfaction.

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 Keywords

Key words: Occupational stress, Job satisfaction, Physical Education Professionals, College level.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition